改善结核病控制:尼日利亚的病例调查干预措施的效率
A P Babayi1, B B Odume1, C L Ogbudebe1
1KNCV Nigeria, Abuja.
Public health action
|September 22, 2023
概括
便携式数字X射线 (PDX) 与世卫组织四症状屏幕 (W4SS) 结合,显著提高了尼日利亚结核病例发现效率. 与仅基于症状的查相比,这种方法产生了更多的诊断.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 诊断技术 诊断技术 诊断技术
背景情况:
- 发现结核病 (TB) 病例仍然是全球卫生重点,需要有效的查策略.
- 尼日利亚采用多个活跃病例发现 (ACF) 干预措施来打击结核病.
- 评估这些干预措施的效率对于优化资源配置和提高结核病产量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较尼日利亚结核病 (TB) 的各种活跃病例发现 (ACF) 干预措施的效率.
- 为了确定哪些查方法产生最高的结核病例检测率.
主要方法:
- 对2020-2022实施期数据的回顾性分析.
- 干预效率通过检查所需的数量 (NNS),检测所需的数量 (NNT) 和真实屏幕阳性 (TSP) 率进行评估.
- 仅使用世卫组织四症状查 (W4SS) 和W4SS与便携式数字X射线 (PDX) 查相结合的干预措施之间的比较.
主要成果:
- 超过2170万个人进行了查,其中180万被认为是阳性,122,452人被诊断患有结核病.
- 使用W4SS和PDX的干预表明,与单独使用W4SS (7.0%) 相比,平均TSP率显著更高 (22.6%).
- 对于W4SS/PDX干预措施 (4),平均NNT显著低于仅W4SS干预措施 (14),这表明效率更高.
结论:
- 将便携式数字X射线 (PDX) 与世卫组织四症状屏幕 (W4SS) 结合起来,显著提高了结核病例发现效率.
- 与仅基于症状的查相比,PDX增强查导致结核病病例的产量更高.
- 这些发现支持优先考虑综合查方法,以改善尼日利亚的结核病例检测.
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