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功能培训和双重任务培训改善了老年女性的执行功能

Alan Pantoja-Cardoso¹, Jose Carlos Aragão-Santos², Poliana de Jesus Santos³

¹Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil.

Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 22, 2023

概括

功能训练和双重任务训练改善了老年女性的抑制控制,而不是工作记忆或灵活性. 这些认知益处在停止训练后仍然存在.

科学领域:

老年学是一门学科.
神经科学是一个神经科学.
运动科学运动科学

背景情况:

衰老与认知功能的下降有关,包括抑制控制,工作记忆和认知灵活性.
功能训练 (FT) 和双任务训练 (DTT) 是可以减轻与年龄相关的认知衰退的运动模式.
研究FT和DTT对老年人的不同认知领域的特定影响对于有针对性的干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了比较16周的功能训练 (FT) 和双任务训练 (DTT) 对老年女性的抑制控制,工作记忆和认知灵活性的影响.
为了评估这些影响在8周的戒断期后的持续性.

主要方法:

62名老年女性参加了为期16周的干预计划,随机分配到FT或DTT.
用Stroop Color Word测试 (抑制控制),Corsi Block测试 (工作记忆) 和Trail Making测试 (认知灵活性) 来评估认知功能.
分析了数据,比较了测试前,测试后和脱测量.

主要成果:

无论是FT还是DTT都显著改善了抑制性控制,这可以通过在不一致的试验中减少反应时间来证明.
双任务训练 (DTT) 独特地减少了对应的响应时间,表明提高了选择性注意力.
在任何一组中都没有观察到工作记忆或认知灵活性的显著改善.
经过8周的戒断期,认知能力的改善,特别是抑制控制能力的改善,得到了维持.

结论:

16周的功能训练或双任务训练可以增强老年妇女的抑制控制.
这些认知益处仅限于抑制控制,不扩展到工作记忆或认知灵活性.
在抑制控制中观察到的改善表明耐久性,即使在经过一段时间的训练后也会持续下去.

关键词:

老化的老化衰老的老化认知认知认知认知训练是一种认知训练.功能状态功能状态身体炼就是体力炼.

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