字母远离镜子:镜子和旋转字母处理在单词中的发展轨迹
Tânia Fernandes1, Sofia Velasco1, Isabel Leite2
1Faculty of Psychology, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Developmental science
|September 22, 2023
概括
儿童在6年级左右的阅读发展中克服了镜像不变性. 镜像字母的自动区分取决于抽象字母表示,而不是年龄或语音.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 学习阅读涉及克服先天的倾向,如镜像不变性,镜像被认为是相当的.
- 在阅读学习中,区分可逆镜像字母 (例如"d"和"b") 是一个关键的发育挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查视觉文字识别中自动镜像歧视的发展时间表.
- 为了确定什么时候儿童的拼写处理不再受到镜像不变的影响.
主要方法:
- 检查了从二年级到成年期的参与者身上面具启动效应.
- 操纵字母类型 (可逆/不可逆) 和主要条件 (控制,身份,镜像,旋转).
- 利用多重线性回归来识别镜像歧视发展的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 开始阅读 (2-4年级) 的读者表现出镜像不变性和对平面旋转的敏感性.
- "镜像成本" (用镜像质数识别速度较慢) 出现于5年级,特别是可逆字母.
- 到了六年级,正写处理不再受到镜像不变的约束.
结论:
- 自动镜像区分在阅读过程中逐渐发展.
- 这种发展取决于抽象字母表示的质量,而不是年龄或语音处理技能.
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