老年医学患者低摄入量脱水和营养影响症状 - 一项回顾性研究
Jacob Bækgaard Jespersen1, Anne Marie Beck1, Tina Munk1
1The Dietitians and Nutritional Research Unit, EATEN, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Clinical nutrition ESPEN
|September 22, 2023
概括
营养不良和脱水在老年患者中很常见. 虽然营养影响症状 (NIS) 很常见,但它们与这个群体脱水的直接联系是有限的.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 营养不良和低摄入量脱水显著增加住院老年人的并发症和死亡率.
- 营养影响症状 (NIS) 作为足够营养和液体摄入的障碍.
- 了解低摄入量脱水和NIS之间的患病率和关系对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定住院老年医疗患者中低摄入量脱水和特定NIS的患病率.
- 调查低摄入量脱水与特定NIS的存在和限制作用之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 对99名老年患者 (≥65岁) 进行了回顾性队列研究,这些患者被录取到医疗部门.
- 采集的数据包括人口统计,营养风险 (NRS-2002),低摄入量脱水 (度>295mOsm/L) 和使用EATEN问卷的NIS.
- 分析了16个不同的NIS的患病率和限制因素,与脱水状态相关.
主要成果:
- 74%的患者存在营养风险,40%的患者经历了低摄入量脱水.
- 目前最常见的NIS是早期腹 (84%),没有食欲 (82%) 和疲劳 (72%).
- 当NIS存在时,低摄入量脱水与口腔干燥和喘息的发病率较低,以及限制摄入量的其他疼痛较少.
结论:
- 低摄入量脱水和各种NIS在住院的老年人中非常普遍.
- 低摄入量脱水和特定的NIS之间的关联似乎有限,这表明多因素对该人口的营养摄入有影响.
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