全基因组比较识别了重复的监管变化,这些变化是不同鱼类血统的融合附属物进化背后的原因
Heidi I Chen1, Yatish Turakhia2, Gill Bejerano1,3,4,5
1Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Molecular biology and evolution
|September 22, 2023
概括
附属体发育基因附近的基因删除与鱼类的反复减少翅膀相关. 这些删除,包括已知的和新的增强剂,解释了超过1亿年的进化的多样性.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
背景情况:
- 鱼翅是重要的附属物,在各个血统中表现出显著的自然多样性.
- 了解进化的遗传基础,特别是减少,是解读脊椎动物尾部发育的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与自然的多样性相关的基因组变化,特别是的减少,在percomorph鱼.
- 调查保护的调控元素在缩小的融合进化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 36种具有完整或减少的骨盆和尾鱼类物种的比较基因组学.
- 识别保存的基因组区域,并分析精细化血统中缺失的情况.
- 功能性测试,包括转基因鱼和基因组编辑中的增强剂活性,以验证候选监管元素.
主要成果:
- 完整的细翼物种中保存的1,614个基因组区域在多个细翼减少的血统中缺失.
- 附属体发育基因附近的反复删除在减少的物种中得到了丰富,这表明了融合基因组进化.
- 在骨盆减少物种中,Pitx1增强剂 (PelA) 被独立删除,并且通过功能测试确定并验证了一种新的尾增强剂.
结论:
- 鱼类的收性翅膀减少与关键发育基因附近的调节元素的反复删除有关.
- 特定的增强剂,如PelaA和新型尾增强剂,在形态的进化中起着重要的作用.
- 这项研究为在脊椎动物进化过程中将表型与基因型联系起来提供了一个框架,并确定了驱动循环进化变化的监管热点.
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