听力功能,全静电负荷和认知功能的相互关系:中老年和老年中国成年人的证据
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics
|September 23, 2023
概括
老年人听力损失与静态负荷增加和认知能力下降有关. 在中年人群中没有观察到这些联系,这表明年龄特定的认知健康风险.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 听觉功能,全静电负荷 (AL) 和认知功能是衰老的关键方面.
- 了解它们的相互关系可以为老年人提供健康干预信息.
研究的目的:
- 调查中年和老年人自我报告的听力功能,全静电负荷和认知功能之间的关联.
- 探索这些协会中潜在的与年龄相关的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的两个波 (2011年,2015年) 的数据.
- 通过自我报告评估听觉功能,使用14个生物标志物的全静电负荷,以及在三个领域 (情节性记忆,精神完整性,全球认知) 的认知功能.
- 使用路径分析与结构方程建模 (SEM) 来分析关系.
主要成果:
- 在60岁以上的成年人中,T1时听力较差与T1时AL较高和T2时认知功能较低显著相关.
- 在这个年龄组中,在T1时较高的AL与听觉功能相关,预测在T2时增加AL和认知功能下降.
- 在45-59岁的人群中没有发现任何显著的关系.
结论:
- 在60岁及以上的成年人中,听力功能,全静电负荷和认知功能之间存在显著的相互关系,但在45-59岁的成年人中没有.
- 这些发现突出了潜在的亚临床生理标志物,用于识别有认知能力下降风险的个体.
- 建议针对老年人听力健康的有针对性的干预措施可能有利于认知功能并减少全静电负载.
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