哺乳动物活动模式的宏观进化动态:灵长类动物的背景
1Department of Medical Anatomical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Journal of human evolution
|September 23, 2023
概括
触媒性,日夜活跃的活动模式,在哺乳动物中很罕见. 这项研究揭示了阴道系不容易灭绝,但倾向于比其他活动模式更频繁地从这种状态过渡出来.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 哺乳动物学 哺乳动物学
- 人类遗传学 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- 大多数灵长类动物和哺乳动物要么是白天活跃的 (白天活跃),要么是夜间活跃的 (夜间活跃).
- 触媒性,一种在白天和夜间活跃的活动模式,在哺乳动物和灵长类动物中很少发生.
- 了解活动模式的进化驱动因素对于灵长类动物的进化历史至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估解释哺乳动物中罕见的阴相性质的宏观进化假设.
- 测试差异性多样化 (更高的灭绝) 或差异性状态持久性 (更高的过渡率) 是否解释了活动模式的流行.
主要方法:
- 基于活动模式对3013种哺乳动物进行了家族遗传学分析.
- 使用隐藏率模型估计物种化,灭绝和活动状态之间的过渡率.
- 在日间,夜间和阴道系的多样化动态的比较.
主要成果:
- 在活动模式之间没有发现多样化率 (物种化和灭绝) 的一致差异.
- 强有力的支持差异状态的持久性:过渡率的 cathemerality 是显著高于出夜性.
- 日常性在人类类灵长类动物和类动物中表现出异常的持久性,原因是过渡率低,物种化率高.
结论:
- 哺乳动物活动模式的分布主要是由差异状态的持久性形成的,而不是差异化的多样化.
- 高度的转变率解释了它的稀有性,与日间和夜间相比.
- 灵长类动物中昼夜性持续存在,而不是灵长类灵长类动物的更高的灭绝,解释了这一类中灵长类动物的低频率.
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