凝视焦虑是否预测实际避免凝视,并且比社交焦虑更具信息性?
Jiemiao Chen1, Esther van den Bos1, P Michiel Westenberg1
1Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
|September 23, 2023
概括
社交焦虑,而不是凝视焦虑,是最初对话中减少面部凝视的更强有力的预测因素. 这一发现凸显了社会焦虑对社会互动行为的重大影响.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 在社交场合,社会焦虑症患者往往会避免与人保持眼神接触.
- 凝视焦虑评分表 (GARS) 测量了凝视回避,但其预测有效性不一致.
- 以前的研究还没有同时检查社会和眼神焦虑对实际眼神行为的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究凝视焦虑和社会焦虑对面对面凝视行为的预测有效性.
- 确定凝视焦虑和社会焦虑对社会互动期间避免凝视的相对贡献.
主要方法:
- 在6分钟的面对面对话中,从81名女学生收集了眼睛跟踪数据.
- 用莱博维茨社会焦虑量表来评估社会焦虑.
- 使用凝视焦虑评分尺度 (GARS) 测量了凝视焦虑.
主要成果:
- 凝视焦虑与在说话时减少面部凝视相关.
- 社交焦虑与在讲话期间以及在最初的对话中减少面部凝视有关.
- 凝视焦虑并没有显著增加社会焦虑对面对面凝视行为的预测能力.
结论:
- 凝视焦虑预测了初次面对面接触时的实际凝视行为.
- 与凝视焦虑相比,社会焦虑是减少面部凝视的更强有力的预测因素.
- 研究结果表明,社会焦虑在塑造社会互动期间避免凝视方面发挥了更为主导作用.
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