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cis 和 trans 作用因子之间的相互作用驱动了在真核生物中选择性的 mRNA 翻译启动

Antonin Tidu¹, Franck Martin¹

¹Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS UPR9002, 2, allée Konrad Roentgen, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.

|September 23, 2023

概括

蛋白质合成始于翻译启动,即核糖体子单元聚集在起始编码子上. 这一过程受到高度监管,涉及复杂的机制,控制了包括非规范性在内的起始编码子的选择,以产生多样化的蛋白质组.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
遗传学遗传学是一个
生物化学生物化学

背景情况:

翻译启动,即在起始编码子上组建核糖体子单元,对细胞的蛋白质组进行了关键调节.
最近的研究揭示了新的翻译启动事件,扩展已知的蛋白质组 ("黑暗蛋白质组").
启动密码子识别是影响细胞翻译格局的关键监管步骤.

研究的目的:

审查调节真核细胞中翻译启动的 cis 和 trans 作用因子.
为了突出最近在启动密码子选择机制方面的发现.
讨论替代起始编码子在蛋白质合成中的作用.

主要方法:

本综述综合了全基因组研究和分子机制研究的发现.
在5'UTR和编码序列中分析cis作用元素.
检查影响选择性mRNA翻译的转变作用因子.

主要成果:

翻译启动是一个高度规范的过程,对于蛋白质组调制至关重要.
复杂的分子机制指导翻译机器在开始编码子选择.
使用了正规 (AUG) 和非正规的起始编码子,它们受到cis作用元素的影响.
转化作用因子在响应环境线索时动态调节mRNA翻译.

结论:

翻译启动的调节是复杂的,涉及mRNA元素和蛋白质因子之间的复杂相互作用.
替代性起始密码子的使用对蛋白质组多样性做出了重大贡献.
了解这些调节机制对于理解细胞功能和对刺激的反应至关重要.

关键词:

5′UTR 5′UTR是什么意思这里是IRES IRES.核糖体核糖体核糖体核糖体翻译翻译翻译翻译在 uORF 的情况下.

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