相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 15, 2025

09:25
Pupillometry to Assess Auditory Sensation in Guinea Pigs
Published on: January 6, 2023
1.8K
风险感知还是危险感知? 检查矿工个人暴露于噪音的误解
Abas Shkembi1, Lauren M Smith1, Richard L Neitzel1
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
International journal of hygiene and environmental health
|September 24, 2023
概括
近三分之一的矿工误解了危险的噪音暴露,特别是在高kurtosis的环境中. 这种误解噪音可能会减少保护听力设备的使用,并强调需要更好的暴露控制.
科学领域:
- 职业健康和安全问题 职业健康和安全问题
- 工业卫生 工业卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 工人风险感知对于安全行为至关重要,但危险感知,特别是化学,物理和生物剂的危险感知,未得到充分研究.
- 噪音误解是一种特定类型的危险误解,在职业环境中还没有被彻底研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定矿工之间噪音误解的流行程度.
- 检查不同的噪音环境是否会影响工人对噪音暴露的误解.
- 评估误解噪声与使用听力保护设备 (HPD) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及10个美国地表矿的135名正常听力矿工的横截面研究.
- 参与者完成了对噪音暴露感知的调查,并在三个班次使用个人噪音剂量测量.
- 统计模型,包括混合效应物流回归和贝叶斯内核机器回归 (BKMR),分析了噪音误解与噪音指标和HPD使用.
主要成果:
- 大约33%的工人低估了他们的噪音暴露,当它是危险的 (TWANIOSH≥85dBA) 至少一个轮班;6%错误地认为所有轮班的危险暴露.
- 工作轮班的特点是高的化 (>3) 显示噪音误解的概率高3.1倍.
- 误解噪声与不使用听力保护设备的几率增加了3.2倍,尽管这一发现在统计学上并不显著.
结论:
- 噪声误解是采矿环境中的一个重要问题,受噪声分布特征的影响,如缩症.
- 这种错误的危险感知可能会对工人的行为产生负面影响,包括使用听力保护,并降低培训的有效性.
- 建议实施工程控制,消除或替代暴露,以防止危险误解和相关职业病.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
The Availability Heuristic
6.0K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
6.0K
Factors Affecting Perception
1.6K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.6K
Perception of Sound Waves
4.5K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.5K
Perception
499
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
499
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
360
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
360
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
272
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
272

