分泌的LRPAP1结合并触发IFNAR1降解,以促进病毒从细胞天生的免疫力中逃避病毒
Huangcan Li1,2, Xiong Wang1, Yiran Wang1
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Signal transduction and targeted therapy
|September 24, 2023
概括
像SARS-CoV-2和EV71这样的病毒使用一种分泌的蛋白质LRPAP1,通过降低IFNAR1.1来禁用宿主干扰素免疫力. 这一发现揭示了一种新的病毒逃避策略,以及开发泛抗病毒药物的潜力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 干扰素 (IFN) 信号传输对于抗病毒防御至关重要.
- 病毒已经进化了细胞内机制,以逃避IFN反应.
- 针对IFN信号的细胞外病毒逃避策略仍然在很大程度上未被发现.
研究的目的:
- 调查病毒,特别是SARS-CoV-2和Enterovirus 71 (EV71) 的新型细胞外机制,以对抗宿主干扰素 (IFN) 信号传输.
- 为了识别病毒因素和宿主点参与这种细胞外免疫逃避.
主要方法:
- 评估了SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro和EV71 2Apro蛋白酶在调节LRPAP1表达和分泌中的作用.
- 研究了分泌的LRPAP1与IFNAR1.1细胞外域的结合.
- 评估了LRPAP1-IFNAR1相互作用对IFNAR1无化和降解的影响.
- 试验了LRPAP1 N-终端和LRPAP1抑制剂 (α2M) 的抗病毒功效,在体外,体外和体内.
主要成果:
- 在SARS-CoV-2和EV71蛋白酶上调LDL受体相关蛋白相关蛋白1 (LRPAP1) 的表达和分泌.
- 分泌的LRPAP1与IFNAR1的细胞外域结合,导致其无处不在和降解,从而促进病毒感染.
- 一个LRPAP1 N-终端增强病毒感染 (HSV-1,HBV,EV71,HCoV-OC43) 通过引起IFNAR1降解.
- 该LRPAP1抑制剂α2M通过稳定IFNAR1.1显示抗病毒活性.
结论:
- 病毒采用一种新的细胞外免疫逃避机制,通过劫持LRPAP1来降解IFNAR1受体.
- 这项研究确定了LRPAP1作为IFN信号传输病毒对抗的关键调解者.
- 这些发现支持开发针对这个新发现的途径的泛抗病毒药物.
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