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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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测试基因组冲击假设,使用酵母杂交物中的可移植元素表达.

Marika Drouin1,2,3,4, Mathieu Hénault1,2,3,4, Johan Hallin1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.

Frontiers in fungal biology
|September 25, 2023
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概括

杂交并没有系统地增加酵母中的可移植元素 (TE) 表达. 虽然一些TE家族在特定的酵母杂交菌中显示出改变的表达或翻译,但整体活性基本保持不变,表明了菌株和TE特异性的影响.

关键词:
有关RNA测序的RNA测序不同的表达分析分析差异表达分析.基因组冲击是基因组的冲击.混合化 混合化 混合化在反向转换中进行反向转换.可转移的元素可以转移.酵母酵母是一种酵母.

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科学领域:

  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 酵母生物学的酵母生物学

背景情况:

  • 可移植元素 (TE) 是可引起突变和改变基因表达的移动遗传序列.
  • 跨物种混合物经常表现出破坏的TE抑制,导致TE传播.
  • 之前的酵母研究没有发现混合体中TE转移率的增加,但TE表达没有得到充分的检查.

研究的目的:

  • 调查转移性元素 (TE) 族群的总表达在酵母杂交物种中与父种相比是否增加.
  • 分析Saccharomyces杂交物中的LTR反转移子 (Ty元素) 的转录和转化活性.

主要方法:

  • 利用了来自人工酵母杂交体 (Saccharomyces属) 的公开RNA-seq和核糖体分析数据.
  • 在LTR逆转移子 (Ty元素) 上进行了微分表达分析.
  • 在杂交品种和父系菌株中评估mRNA水平和Ty元素的翻译效率.

主要成果:

  • 总的来说,Ty元素在酵母杂交物中通常没有差异表达,即使在压力条件下也是如此.
  • 只有少数Ty家族在特定杂交物种 (S. cerevisiae × S. uvarum和S. cerevisiae x S. paradoxus) 中表达显著更高 (2/26) 或更低 (3/26) 的表达.
  • Ty元素的翻译效率在杂交物和父体中是相似的,显著的例外是S. cerevisiae × S. paradoxus杂交物中Ty1_cer的效率更高.

结论:

  • 杂交似乎不是在酵母中增加TE表达的系统触发因素.
  • 杂交对TE活性的影响是特定于酵母菌株和特定的TE家族.
  • 需要进一步的研究来了解不同生物体中杂交和TE调节之间的微妙相互作用.