在计划评估和老年人实际利用之间,对获得初级医疗保健的比较研究:来自中国大连市的案例
1School of Architecture and Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Frontiers in public health
|September 25, 2023
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 中国人口快速老龄化需要有效的以社区为导向的初级医疗保健 (PHC).
- 当前社区卫生中心 (CHC) 的规划标准忽视了老年人的各种需求,可能低估了老龄化地区的可访问性.
- 计划中的医疗保健中心的可访问性和老年人实际使用之间存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查计划评估与现实世界利用之间的老年人医疗保健准入的差异.
- 通过考虑老年人的异质性来确定服务不足的PHC区域.
- 分析PHC可访问性差距的原因.
主要方法:
- 在大连进行实证研究,使用COVID-19大流行期间的CHC检查和调查数据.
- 开发了一个比较模型来计算匹配概率.
- 使用修改的高斯式两步浮动采集区 (G2SFCA) 方法来评估空间可访问性.
主要成果:
- 考虑到老年人的异质性,确定的初级医疗保健短缺地区 (PHCSA) 增加了6.8%.
- 大约23.4%的老年人经历了错误估计的PHC可访问性,平均匹配概率为76.6%.
- 确定了空间分布的不匹配和主观的交叉捕捞访问是导致可访问性差距的关键因素.
结论:
- 目前在中国的医疗保健规划标准不充分解决老年人的异质性,导致低估了可访问性.
- 很大一部分老年人因设施分配和服务供应分配问题而面临错误估计的医疗保健中心可访问性.
- 解决空间和行为因素对于改善中国老龄化人口的PHC接入至关重要.
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