日本的儿科过敏:新冠肺炎疫情相关的危险因素
Yuri Takaoka1, Akihiro Maeta2, Atsuko Nakano3
1Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Habikino, Osaka, Japan.
Asia Pacific allergy
|September 25, 2023
概括
随着COVID-19大流行,意外摄入食物过敏原增加,日本儿童的过敏性疾病恶化. 增加家庭时间和预防措施是关键的风险因素,但先前的过敏原避免教育改善了管理.
科学领域:
- 儿科过敏和免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行严重影响了社会结构,包括日本过敏儿童的健康状况.
- 疫情期间实施的学校关闭和公共卫生措施为儿童创造了新的环境和社会条件.
研究的目的:
- 在日本COVID-19流行病紧急状态期间调查与儿科过敏疾病相关的风险因素.
- 评估学校关闭对儿童过敏状况的影响,与疫情前水平相比.
主要方法:
- 在被诊断患有过敏的儿科患者 (0-15岁) 的家长中进行了一项调查.
- 家长报告了学校关闭对孩子过敏状况的影响,相对于COVID-19大流行前的时期.
主要成果:
- 大约4%的家长报告说,学校关闭期间意外摄入食物过敏原增加,与增加在家中的食物接触有关.
- 过敏性皮肤炎 (13%) 的恶化率最高,其次是过敏性鼻炎 (8%) 和支气管喘 (4%).
- 关键的危险因素包括与口罩相关的接触性皮肤炎,家庭过敏原 (虫,物) 和季节性变化.
结论:
- 增加在家的时间,COVID-19预防措施和减少医生访问影响了过敏性疾病.
- 虽然社会变化影响了儿童,但在家中有效避免过敏原和事先的患者教育促进了更好的疾病管理.
- 患有先前存在过敏原避免策略的儿童在与流行病相关的社会转变中表现出了管理其状况的弹性.
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