一个大脑电路和神经元机制来解码和适应日长的变化
G Maddaloni1, Y J Chang1, R A Senft1
1Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115 MA, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 25, 2023
概括
季节性光线变化会影响生理学和行为. 在小鼠mrEn1-Pet1神经元中,一个新的大脑电路使用分支特定的神经递质释放来适应睡眠和活动的光周期变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 季节性光周期变化显著影响生物体生理学和行为.
- 对光周期的适应性反应至关重要,调节障碍与情感障碍和代谢综合征等疾病有关.
- 对于将昼夜节律与光周期变化同步的精确神经机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 确定神经回路和细胞机制,这些机制是对光周期变化的行为和睡眠适应的基础.
- 为了研究中等拉菲核 (MRN) 中mrEn1-Pet1神经元在处理光周期信息中的作用.
- 为了阐明在应对季节性光线线索时,分支特定神经递质部署的新机制.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠体内使用交叉狂犬病病毒追踪和投影特异的神经元沉默.
- 在mrEn1-Pet1神经元中转基因VGLUT3部署.
- 分析了睡眠/清醒模式和自愿活动,以应对光周期变化.
主要成果:
- 在大脑干MRN中发现了一种新的mrEn1-Pet1神经元电路,它将血清素和VGLUT3 (谷氨酸代理物) 分离到不同的轴突分支.
- 观察到光周期变化后mrEn1-Pet1神经元的可逆,分支特定的神经化学现象型变化,独立于光/黑暗阶段.
- 证明,在这些神经元中禁用VGLUT3会破坏睡眠/清醒和活动同步到新的光周期.
- 划定了一个Preoptic Area-to-mrEn1Pet1通路,这对于解码光周期输入和驱动行为适应至关重要.
结论:
- 揭示了以前未被识别的大脑电路对于适应季节性光周期变化至关重要.
- 确定了一种周期性,分支特定的神经递质部署的新机制,用于调节生物的适应.
- 这种电路和机制对于将行为和睡眠与环境光周期同步至关重要.
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