对抗OAS-RNase L的细胞固酶的反复病毒捕获
Stephen A Goldstein1, Nels C Elde1
1Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Rd, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 25, 2023
概括
病毒化酶 (PDEs) 通过横向基因转移获得,抑制先天免疫力. 病毒家族之间发生了多次独立的收购和转移,揭示了与哺乳动物AKAP7蛋白相关的复杂进化起源.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 病毒化酶 (PDEs) 对于抑制宿主天生的免疫反应至关重要,特别是OAS-RNase L通路.
- 病毒PDE基因的进化起源和获取机制在很大程度上仍然不清楚,尽管它们的功能特征.
研究的目的:
- 调查病毒化酶 (PDEs) 的起源和进化史.
- 识别不同病毒类别之间的独立基因获取事件和水平基因转移实例.
- 探索病毒性PDEs及其哺乳动物对应物之间的祖先关系.
主要方法:
- 遗传学分析,以追踪病毒性PDEs的进化史.
- 保存模式分析以确定祖先联系.
- 祖先序列重建和结构建模以评估序列结构分歧.
主要成果:
- 至少有五个独立的PDE获取事件由祖先病毒被确定.
- 发现了冠状病毒属之间的PDE基因水平基因转移的证据.
- 病毒性PDEs与哺乳动物AKAP7蛋白质共享一个共同的祖先,尽管其低序列保存.
- 序列和结构差异并不总是相关的,一些PDE显示出尽管存在功能变化,但结构稳定性显著.
结论:
- 病毒性PDEs具有复杂和动态的进化历史,其标志是多个独立的收购和水平基因转移.
- 这些发现为了解病毒免疫逃避策略和病毒演变提供了一个框架.
- 进一步的研究可以建立在对病毒性PDEs进化轨迹的这些见解的基础上.
相关概念视频
Viruses with RNA Genomes
47
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
47
Retrovirus Life Cycles
46.1K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.1K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.8K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.8K
RNA Interference
26.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.1K
Experimental RNAi
6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
Viral Recombination
23.5K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.5K


