艾滋病毒-1包膜糖蛋白的形态灵活性调节了对广泛中和抗体的传递/创始人敏感性
Durgadevi Parthasarathy1,2, Karunakar Reddy Pothula3,2, Kim-Marie A Dam4
1Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 25, 2023
概括
许多HIV-1菌株具有不完全封闭的包膜糖蛋白 (Envs),使它们易受针对开放状态的抗体的攻击. 这一发现影响了用于预防和治疗艾滋病毒的广泛中和抗体 (bnAbs) 的设计.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒-1包膜糖蛋白 (Envs) 介导病毒的进入,是中和抗体的主要目标.
- 大多数原发性HIV-1菌株呈现封闭的Env构造,引导免疫原设计向这种状态,以引起广泛中和抗体 (bnAbs).
研究的目的:
- 调查传播/创始人 (T/F) HIV-1 Envs的构造状态及其对抗体中和的影响.
- 通过了解Env的形态动态来完善开发bnAbs和Env基础免疫原的策略.
主要方法:
- 低温电子显微镜测定不完全封闭的T/F Envs. 的结构.
- 双电子-电子共振光谱检测,以评估Env的形态灵活性.
- 对患者衍生菌株的病毒进化和抗体敏感性的分析.
主要成果:
- 46%的测试T/FHIV-1菌株表现出不完全封闭的Env构造,对识别开放Env状态的抗体敏感.
- 结构分析显示了不对称的Env原体,并增加了对开放状态的采样.
- 不完全封闭的Env对某些bnAbs表现出抗性,而识别多个Env构造的抗体则表现出更广泛的中和.
- 对T/F Env (CH040) 的进化分析显示,抗体和冷/可溶性CD4的抗性增加,与Env三元体关闭相关.
结论:
- 在T/F菌株中,HIV-1 Env的形状灵活性比以前想象的更为普遍.
- 不完全封闭的Env构造对bnAb疗效具有独特的脆弱性和挑战.
- 结果指导了改善免疫原体设计和bnAb开发,以实现更广泛的HIV-1中和.
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