检查对思维方式的元认知信任与超自然信仰之间的关系
Valerie van Mulukom1, Adam Baimel2, Everton Maraldi3
1Brain, Belief, and Behaviour Lab, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Scandinavian journal of psychology
|September 25, 2023
概括
这项研究探讨了思维方式如何与超自然信仰有关. 研究人员发现,对分析思维的信任更高,这种思维方式与超自然信仰比宗教信仰更相关.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 宗教心理学的宗教心理学
背景情况:
- 关于思维方式和超自然信仰的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果.
- 了解元认知信任在这种关系中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用元认知信任研究思维方式和超自然信仰之间的关系.
- 开发和验证用于实验操纵,对思维方式的信任和超自然信仰的新措施.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项研究,涉及实验操纵 (关于思维方式的科学文章) 和新尺度 (模两可的决策任务,对心理能力的信念尺度).
- 第1项研究 (N=415) 检查了元认知信任差异和与超自然信仰的相关性.
- 第二项研究 (N=802) 在不同文化背景 (美国,加拿大,巴西) 中复制了第一项研究.
主要成果:
- 参与者在分析和直观思维条件之间表现出对元认知信任的差异,一般偏好分析思维.
- 与宗教信仰相比,直觉思维与心理能力和超自然信仰的相关性更强.
- 混合效应线性回归表明,思维方式与不同类型的超自然信仰相关的变化很小.
- 跨文化复制揭示了类似的模式,巴西参与者对分析思维的重视较小.
结论:
- 开发的实验设计,任务和规模为对超自然信仰的双处理研究提供了有价值的工具.
- 超认知信任似乎调解了思维方式和特定的超自然信仰之间的关系.
- 这些发现有助于对影响跨文化超自然信仰系统的认知因素有细微的理解.
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