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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

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嗅觉衰退与美国老年人患有阻塞性肺部疾病的脆弱性平行发展
Esther Wang1, Kristen E Wroblewski2, Martha K McClintock3
1Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
International forum of allergy & rhinology
|September 25, 2023
概括
嗅觉衰退是患有阻塞性肺部疾病 (OLD) 的老年人虚弱的重要预测因素. 早期识别嗅觉功能障碍可能有助于预防脆弱性,并减少这种脆弱人群的不良结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 在患有阻塞性肺病 (OLD) 的老年人中,虚弱是常见的,增加了住院和死亡风险.
- 化学感官功能障碍,包括嗅觉衰退,与OLD和脆弱性有关.
- 这项研究调查了嗅觉衰退作为老年患者虚弱的潜在生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 评估嗅觉衰退作为老年人阻塞性肺部疾病 (OLDs) 脆弱性生物标志物的实用性.
- 为了确定嗅觉功能障碍是否预测了老年痴呆症患者虚弱的发生率.
主要方法:
- 来自国家社会生活,健康和老龄化项目的社区生活的美国老年人的前性纵向研究.
- 评估医生诊断的OLDs,嗅觉衰退 (识别和敏感性) 超过5年,并使用适应的Fried标准脆弱.
- 多变量后勤回归分析了OLD状态,嗅觉衰退和脆弱性之间的关联,并调整了共变量.
主要成果:
- 嗅觉识别的下降与OLD患者的脆弱性发展密切相关 (OR=9.1,p=0.003).
- 在老年患者中,嗅觉下降预测事件脆弱性 (鉴定:OR=4.8,P=0.018;灵敏度:OR=6.1,p=0.030).
- 在没有老年痴呆症的个体中没有观察到这种关联,即使经过调整以考虑人口统计和并发症.
结论:
- 患有经历嗅觉衰退的OLD的老年人患有脆弱的几率明显更高.
- 嗅觉衰退可以作为一种有价值的生物标志物,用于在高风险的老年患者中早期检测脆弱性.
- 通过嗅觉评估识别脆弱性可以使早期干预成为可能,从而减少不良健康结果.
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