事件指挥官决策:对瞬间和深思熟虑的决策进行定量评估
Omer Perry1, Eli Jaffe2, Avishay Goldberg1
1Department of Health Policy & Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Applied ergonomics
|September 25, 2023
概括
事件指挥官 (ICs) 在大规模伤亡事件 (MCIs) 期间改变决策模式. 最初使用快速的"系统1"响应,IC转向故意的"系统2"思维,随着事件的演变,改进紧急管理.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 灾害管理 灾害管理
背景情况:
- 定性方法限制了事件指挥官 (IC) 在大规模伤亡事件 (MCI) 决策的客观建模.
- 双流程理论区分即时 ("系统1") 和故意 ("系统2") 的决策.
- 了解IC认知过程对于优化应急响应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在大规模伤亡事件 (MCI) 期间量化建模事件指挥官 (IC) 决策过程.
- 调查双流程理论 (系统1和系统2) 在IC决策中的应用.
- 确定IC决策模式在MCI中如何演变.
主要方法:
- 分析了八起大规模事故 (MCI) 的高保真模拟数据.
- 基于线索 (协议,响应线索,没有线索) 和MCI阶段 (评估/分离,治疗/疏散准备,疏散) 的IC行动的分类.
- 在不同阶段和提示类别中对作用频率进行定量比较.
主要成果:
- 事件指挥官 (ICs) 主要遵循MCI协议,并在初始阶段响应即时提示 ("系统1").
- 随着MCI的进步,ICs越来越多地参与计划中的行动,并且在没有明确的线索的情况下启动任务 ("系统 2").
- 在三个MCI管理阶段 (p<0.01) 中,观察到行动类型的显著差异.
结论:
- 事件指挥官 (ICs) 在大规模伤亡事件 (MCIs) 期间在"系统1"和"系统2"决策模式之间动态切换.
- 这种适应性决策策略,从快速响应到计划中的行动,是有效管理MCI的关键.
- 了解这些转变可以为培训提供信息,以提高IC性能和提高患者存活率.
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