爱尔兰的肌缩侧面硬化症的流行病学趋势,1996-2021年
Robert McFarlane1, Colm Peelo2, Miriam Galvin2
1From the Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. mcfarlro@tcd.ie.
Neurology
|September 25, 2023
概括
在爱尔兰,25年来,肌缩侧面硬化症 (ALS) 的发病率,患病率和发病年龄都在增加. 然而,尽管在治疗方面取得了进展,但ALS患者的生存率没有显著变化.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肌缩侧面硬化症 (ALS) 是一种进展性神经退行性疾病.
- 了解ALS发病率,流行率和生存率的趋势对于公共卫生规划和资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查爱尔兰共和国25年来ALS患者的发病率,流行率,发病年龄和存活率的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用基于人口的爱尔兰ALS注册 (1994年开始运行) 来识别事件和流行病例.
- 采用年龄标准化,卡普兰-梅尔曲线和考克斯回归模型来分析流行病学和生存数据.
- 使用克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯测试与邦费罗尼校正对非正常分布的组进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在25年内,确定了2,771名ALS患者;原始发病率从每10万人中从2.64上升到5.46,标准化发病率从每10万人中从2.64上升到3.1.
- 患病率从每10万人的5.83增加到8.10,发病时的中位数年龄从64岁增加到67岁.
- 不同时期观察到生存率没有显著变化;发病时的年龄较大是一个负面的生存预测因素,而Riluzole使用和较短的诊断延迟是积极的预测因素.
结论:
- 在过去的25年里,爱尔兰的ALS年龄标准化发病率,高峰发病率,流行率和发病年龄都在增加.
- 尽管在ALS治疗和管理方面有所改善,但爱尔兰人口的平均存活率保持不变.
- 发病时的年龄较大,Riluzole的使用和诊断延迟是影响ALS患者生存的关键因素.
相关概念视频
03:03Amyloid Fibrils
9.6K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
9.6K
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
619
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
619
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
513
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
513
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
590
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
590