印度英语中的性别声学:在多语言背景下进行法医分析
1Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India.
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation
|September 25, 2023
概括
这项研究分析了奥迪亚语,孟加拉语和印度语的印度英语发言者的声学特征. 与男性相比,女性在基本频率和母音空间中表现出更大的性别特异变化.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 声学语音学的声音学
- 法医语言学 法医语言学
背景情况:
- 由于多语言,印度英语表现出多样化的语音模式.
- 了解性别的声学相关性对于法医应用至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全探索印度不同母语群体的性别特异性声学变异.
研究的目的:
- 对印度英语进行声学分析,重点关注性别特异性语音特征.
- 调查奥迪亚语,孟加拉语和印度语发言者的基本频率 (fo),形式频率和母音空间大小.
- 探索基本频率和母音空间之间的相关性,以及它们在性别识别中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自奥迪亚语,孟加拉语和印度语的42名母语使用者的语音样本的声学分析.
- 测量基本频率 (fo),fo范围,fo变量,形成频率和母音空间大小.
- 使用PRAAT软件对录制的语音样本进行详细的声学分析.
主要成果:
- 在基本频率,形成频率和母音空间大小方面观察到基于性别的显著差异.
- 与男性相比,女性在这些声学特征中表现出更明显的性别特异变化.
- 基本频率和母音空间区域之间没有发现显著的相关性,这表明其他因素影响女性母音空间.
结论:
- 声学特征,特别是基本和形成频率,可以有效地用于多语言印度英语语境中的性别识别.
- 这些发现为制定法医语言学中性别分析的强有力的经验框架提供了基础.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定有助于女性说话者更大的母音空间的特定特征.
相关概念视频
01:21Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
233
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
233
01:24Components of Language
308
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
308
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
48
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
48
01:31Hearing
52.5K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
52.5K
01:28Lateralization
353
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
353
01:27Language and Cognition
367
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
367