企冠状病毒的宿主范围,传播能力和抗原性
Yixuan J Hou1,2, Shiho Chiba3, Sarah R Leist1
1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Nature microbiology
|September 25, 2023
概括
一种新的松鼠冠状病毒 (PgCoV) 在人体细胞中复制,并可以通过空气传播,但它不如SARS-CoV-2更适合. 现有的COVID-19治疗方法和疫苗对这种新兴病毒有很大的承诺.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与SARS-CoV-2相关的冠状病毒 (CoV) 的致病潜力和跨物种传播尚未得到充分了解.
- 潘戈林冠状病毒 (PgCoV) 是一种潜在的动物感染威胁,需要进行彻底的调查.
研究的目的:
- 描述野生型甲虫CoV (GD菌株) 的复制,传播和致病潜力.
- 评估现有的SARS-CoV-2对抗措施对PgCoV感染的疗效.
主要方法:
- 反向遗传学被用来产生野生类型和记者编码PgCoV菌株.
- 试验室研究评估了人类初级细胞中的病毒复制,体内研究使用了仓鼠和K18-hACE2小鼠模型.
- 评估了FDA批准的药物,COVID-19患者血清,治疗抗体和针对PgCoV的重组蛋白质疫苗的有效性.
主要成果:
- PgCoV在人类初级细胞中有效复制,但与哈姆斯特里的SARS-CoV-2相比,其体能降低,空气传播效率较低.
- PgCoV被FDA批准的药物强烈抑制,并通过COVID-19患者血清和SARS-CoV-2抗体在体外中和中和.
- 一种泛萨尔贝科病毒抗体,SARS-CoV-2 S2P疫苗和一种SARS-CoV-2人类抗体保护了小鼠免受PgCoV感染.
- 在K18-hACE2小鼠中,PgCoV引起了严重的疾病,这表明了病原性潜力.
结论:
- 由于在人体细胞中有效复制和在空气中传播的能力,PgCoV显示出出现的潜力.
- 然而,其较低的竞争力,人类先前存在的免疫力和当前COVID-19对策的有效性可能会阻碍人类广泛传播.
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