性分离导致在山地类动物Rupicapra rupicapra中明显的性别特异密度梯度
Hendrik Edelhoff1, Cyril Milleret2, Cornelia Ebert3
1Wildlife Biology and Management Research Unit, Bavarian State Institute of Forestry, Freising, Germany. hendrik.edelhoff@lwf.bayern.de.
Communications biology
|September 25, 2023
概括
雄性和雌性高山士表现出不同的息地偏好,影响人口密度. 雄性利用较少崎,通常是森林地区,而雌性喜欢更的地形,影响空间分布模式.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态生态学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 人口动态 人口动态
背景情况:
- 性分离在类动物中很常见,但其在人口层面的后果仍然不太清楚.
- 阿尔卑斯山 (Rupicapra rupicapra r.) 显示性别特定的息地使用,雄性可能比雌性更多地使用森林.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计高山子的性别特异密度.
- 确定这些性别特异密度模式的环境决定因素.
- 了解个人行为差异如何扩展到景观层面的人口密度梯度.
主要方法:
- 贝叶斯空间捕获-重新捕获 (SCR) 模型使用非侵入性遗传数据 (基因型便) 应用.
- 模型与来自德国秋季两个对比的阿尔卑斯研究区的数据相匹配.
- 性别特定的密度是根据地形的崎性,森林的树冠覆盖,荒的土地和地点的严重性而建模的.
主要成果:
- 在男性和女性密度模式中发现了明显的差异.
- 地形的崎性是这些差异的主要驱动因素,而不是森林覆盖面.
- 男性的粗性和密度之间的积极关系较弱,与女性相比,男性占据的粗性较小,通常是森林地形.
结论:
- 在息地选择中的个体行为变态显著影响阿尔卑斯山的人口密度的空间模式.
- 空间捕获-重新捕获模型有效量化性别密度变化及其生态驱动因素.
- 了解这些性别特异的空间动态对于有效的野生动物管理和高山类动物的保护至关重要.
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