一种经过计算设计的抗原,可以引起针对SARS-CoV-2和相关的萨尔贝科病毒的广泛幽默反应
Sneha Vishwanath1, George William Carnell1, Matteo Ferrari2
1Lab of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Nature biomedical engineering
|September 25, 2023
概括
一种新型的疫苗抗原向萨尔贝科病毒尖端蛋白受体结合域,可以广泛保护SARS-CoV-1和SARS-CoV-2变种. 这种方法旨在防止动物传染性溢出事件和未来的冠状病毒威胁.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗开发 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- 动物传播的冠状病毒,如SARS-CoV-1和SARS-CoV-2,构成了严重的公共卫生威胁.
- 新型沙贝科病毒的出现需要开发具有针对相关病毒株的广泛保护的疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 设计和评估一种单一的,优化的抗原,能够引起广泛的免疫反应,以对抗各种类型的萨尔贝科病毒.
- 评估基于这种抗原的疫苗对SARS-CoV-2变种的保护疗效.
主要方法:
- 利用病毒基因组信息的计算方法,从sarbecovirus尖端蛋白的受体结合域中选择和设计一种抗原.
- 在临床前模型中 (小鼠,子,豚鼠) 用抗原作为DNA免疫原体,修饰的疫苗病毒安卡拉载体和mRNA疫苗.
- 在基因工程小鼠中评估了对SARS-CoV-2的Delta变体的幽默反应和疫苗保护.
主要成果:
- 在多种动物模型中,单个优化的抗原诱导了针对SARS-CoV-1,SARS-CoV-2,WIV16和RaTG13的广泛幽默反应.
- 疫苗配方证明了对SARS-CoV-2Delta变种的保护性有效性.
- mRNA疫苗配方证实了优化抗原的广泛免疫性.
结论:
- 一个单一的,通过计算设计的抗原,准沙贝科病毒受体结合域,可以引起广泛的免疫力.
- 这一战略有望开发针对当前和未来动物性冠状病毒威胁的疫苗.
- 广泛免疫性疫苗对于减轻贝塔冠状病毒溢出风险至关重要.
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