中国的自然资本投资受到耕地复苏的破坏
Lingqiao Kong1, Tong Wu1,2, Yi Xiao1
1State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature ecology & evolution
|September 25, 2023
概括
中国的农田扩张大大减少了野生动物息地和生态系统服务,如保留水和碳捕获. 减轻农业与自然之间的冲突对于全球可持续发展至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 全球粮食需求推动了生物多样性和生态系统服务的丧失.
- 由于农业用地的扩张,生态保护和恢复工作受到挑战.
- 中国是主要的谷物生产国,面临着严重的土地使用冲突.
研究的目的:
- 量化耕地回收对中国生态系统服务的影响.
- 评估农业扩张和自然资本投资之间的冲突.
- 为实现全球可持续发展目标的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 中国2000年至2015年土地利用变化的国家层面分析.
- 对野生动物息地和关键生态系统服务的影响量化.
- 评估耕地回收在多大程度上破坏了生态收益.
主要成果:
- 从2000年到2015年,农田的回收利用对野生动物息地造成了113.8%的负面影响.
- 生态系统服务,包括保留水 (63.4%),防止沙暴 (52.5%),碳捕获 (29.0%) 和土壤保留 (10.2%),受到显著破坏.
- 生态恢复的收益在很大程度上被农业土地转型所抵消.
结论:
- 中国的耕地回收效率低下对生物多样性和生态系统服务构成重大威胁.
- 解决农业生产与自然资本之间的冲突对于可持续性至关重要.
- 需要政策干预,以平衡粮食安全与生态保护.
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