塔吉克斯坦的家庭耐药结核病接触者追踪
M L Rekart1, A Aung1, T Cullip2
1Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
概括
在塔吉克斯坦,家庭接触者追踪有效地发现了新的抗利芬素结核病 (RR-TB) 病例. 这种策略是可行的和富有成效的,即使在资源有限的环境中,也有助于结核病控制工作.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 塔吉克斯坦面临着高负担的抗利芬辛结核病 (RR-TB).
- 家庭传播是结核病传播的重要途径,特别影响儿童.
- 暴露儿童中疾病的快速进展是常见的.
研究的目的:
- 评估塔吉克斯坦RR-TB家庭接触者追踪的可行性和收益率.
- 确定关键指标,例如需要选的数量 (NNS) 和需要测试的数量 (NNT).
- 评估通过接触追踪发现的RR-TB病例的诊断时间.
主要方法:
- 对杜尚别家庭联系人追踪程序数据的回顾性分析.
- 涉及查6654个家庭接触830个RR-TB指数病例超过50个月.
- 计算了不同接触组的NNS,NNT和收益率.
主要成果:
- 检测到47个新的RR-TB病例,其中43个是在第一年发现的.
- 发现一个RR-TB病例的NNS是141.57,NNT是34.49.
- 症状接触者 (17.0%) 和5岁以下症状儿童 (12.1%) 的产量最高.
结论:
- 对RR-TB的家庭接触者追踪是塔吉克斯坦的一个可行和富有成效的策略.
- 这些发现支持在低收入和中等收入国家实施接触追踪,这些国家面临医疗保健系统挑战.
- 针对症状接触者显著增加了RR-TB检测的收益率.
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