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全新世降冰导致大西洋海的快速遗传多样化

Emily J Ruiz-Puerta^1,2, Xénia Keighley^1,3, Sean P A Desjardins^2,4

¹Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5-7, 1353 Copenhagen Kobenhavn, Denmark.

Proceedings. Biological sciences

|September 27, 2023

概括

古代大西洋海基因组揭示了过去对全球变暖的反应. 古遗传学表明,海冰的变化塑造了海的遗传多样性和分布,提供了对当前北极生态系统影响的见解.

科学领域:

北极生态学北极生态学
古遗传学是古遗传学.
进化生物学进化生物学

背景情况:

北极的生态系统面临着全球快速变暖带来的严重影响.
了解物种对气候变化的反应,特别是遗传多样性的转变,至关重要,但不太了解.
大西洋海 (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) 是依赖冰的海洋哺乳动物,对环境变化敏感.

研究的目的:

调查过去全球变暖事件对大西洋海遗传多样性和植物地理学的影响.
使用古代DNA重建物种对北极脱冰的反应.
建立海冰动态和海种群遗传学之间的联系.

主要方法:

对82个古老和历史的大西洋海线粒体基因组 (线粒体基因组) 的分析.
包括来自冰岛和加拿大海域的灭绝种群.
从最后的冰川最大期到全新纪的人口历史的重建.

主要成果:

大西洋海的植物地理和遗传多样性最初是由最后的冰川最大期 (LGM) 塑造的,在冰川避难所生存.
快速扩张和多次迁移浪潮发生在普莱斯托纪晚期和全新纪早期,与冰川退缩密切相关.
确定了海类生物地理和海冰面积之间的强烈联系.

结论:

过去的气候变暖和相关的海冰变化显著影响了大西洋海种群结构和遗传多样性.
现代加快的北极冰层损失可能会导致北方海种群的连接性增加.
南方海种群可能会因持续的冰层流失而在不断减少的适合息地中孤立.

关键词:

在北极,北极的北极.奥多贝努斯·罗斯马鲁斯·罗斯马鲁斯古代的 DNA DNA 古代的 DNA DNA 环境变化环境变化海洋哺乳动物海洋哺乳动物古遗传学古遗传学

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