检查注意力缺陷/多动障碍儿童睡眠与行为之间的双向关联
Craig A Sidol1,2, Stephen P Becker1,3, James L Peugh1,3
1Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA.
JCPP advances
|September 27, 2023
概括
患有多动性多动症的儿童更容易出现睡眠问题,影响行为. 这项研究发现,更好的睡眠效率,而不是总睡眠时间,改善了ADHD症状和学业表现,并观察到双向关系.
科学领域:
- 儿科心理学 儿科心理学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 与同龄人相比,患有注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 的儿童的睡眠障碍率更高.
- 这些睡眠问题加剧了ADHD儿童的行为和功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查夜间睡眠指标 (总睡眠时间和睡眠效率) 与被诊断为ADHD的儿童的日常行为之间的双向关系.
- 要确定睡眠质量是否会影响第二天的行为,以及日常行为是否会影响这一群体的后续睡眠.
主要方法:
- 一项为期2周的研究,涉及43名儿童 (6-13岁) 在夏季治疗计划期间患有多动症.
- 睡眠是客观地用动图测量,而行为是通过临床数据和家长/辅导员对ADHD症状,反对行为和情绪调节的评分来评估的.
- 假设更好的睡眠效率和总睡眠时间与更好的第二天行为相关,反之亦然.
主要成果:
- 更高的睡眠效率与父母对ADHD症状的第二天评级的改善显著相关 (R2 = 0.04,p = 0.04).
- 在白天改善家长对ADHD的评分预测了当晚更高的睡眠效率 (R2 = 0.002,p = 0.02),表明了双向联系.
- 每天完成更多的任务与更高的夜间睡眠效率有关 (R2 = 0.035,p = 0.03).
- 总睡眠时间 (TST) 与任何测量的行为结果没有显著关系.
结论:
- 在患有多动症的儿童中,睡眠效率似乎比总睡眠时间对第二天的行为结果更为关键.
- 睡眠效率和ADHD症状评级之间存在显著的双向关系.
- 对ADHD的临床评估和治疗应考虑睡眠效率低下的表现,包括起床时间和入睡后的觉醒.
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