通过引入关键因果模型的方案管理类别来促进复杂的问题解决.
Franziska Kessler1, Antje Proske1, Leon Urbas2
1Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2023
概括
识别关键的因果模型有助于专业知识. 然而,有效的解决问题不仅需要识别这些模型,还需要理解它们的概念和程序知识,以便成功应用.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 专业知识 研究 研究 研究
背景情况:
- 专业知识与在不同情况下识别关键因果模型有关.
- 模式管理类别的知识获取可能是这种能力的基础.
- 了解因果模型对于复杂的问题解决至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查促进模式治理类别对识别关键因果模型的影响.
- 检查识别关键因果模型与复杂问题解决任务中的表现之间的关系.
- 确定应用因果模型所需的概念和程序知识的必要性.
主要方法:
- 一项实验性研究与183名参与者使用2x2设计.
- 这是一种干预,用于构建关键因果模型的抽象心理表现.
- 一个教程,传达关键因果模型的概念和程序知识.
主要成果:
- 被训练识别关键因果模型 (因果分类) 的参与者在复杂问题解决中表现优于非因果分类.
- 因果分类的表现优于对照组,除了在没有教程的知识应用方面.
- 仅仅通过因果模型对情况进行分类是不足以在没有概念和程序知识的情况下进行转移的.
结论:
- 识别关键的因果模型很重要,但对于增强的问题解决能力的转移是不够的.
- 概念和程序知识是成功应用因果模型所必需的.
- 这些发现扩展到动态的,21世纪解决问题的挑战.
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