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可编程RNA引导的DNA内核酶在真核生物及其病毒中广泛存在

Kaiyi Jiang^1,2, Justin Lim¹, Samantha Sgrizzi¹

¹McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science advances

|September 27, 2023

概括

范泽核酶是新特征的RNA导向DNA内核酶,在真核生物中发现. 这些酶可以在人类细胞中进行基因组编辑,提供新的生物技术工具.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
遗传学是一个遗传学.
生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

可编程RNA引导的DNA核酶在原核生物中至关重要,但它们在真核生物中的存在和功能在很大程度上是未知的.
已经确定了Fanzors,即 prokaryotic TnpB 蛋白质的真核同类物,但它们的活动仍然没有被描述.

研究的目的:

在生化和细胞层面上将Fanzors描述为真核生物中的功能性RNA引导DNA内核酶.
探索Fanzors在真核系统中的进化历史和功能适应.
评估Fanzors在人类细胞中的基因组编辑应用中的潜力.

主要方法:

生物化学测试以确定核酶活性.
细胞研究以调查Fanzor的功能和定位.
遗传学分析重建了Fanzor的进化过程.
在人类细胞中展示基于Fanzor的基因组编辑.

主要成果:

证实Fanzors是RNA可编程DNA内核酶,具有重新排列的RuvC催化位点,没有附带裂解活动.
发现了与真核转移酶相关的多种Fanzors,表明它们与真核移动元素系统的合作.
内部捕获和核定位信号的证据表明,长期适应于真核细胞细胞环境.
扇子被成功地用于人类细胞的基因组编辑.

结论:

扇子代表一种广泛的真核RNA导向DNA内核酶类,具有独特的进化适应性.
这些核酶与原生生物相比,具有独特的生化特性.
扇子具有重要的潜力,作为基因组编辑和生物技术在真核生物中的应用的新工具.

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