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相关概念视频

RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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多种体倾向和可调节的编码序列长度值使得mRNA的稳定性差异化.

Sayanur Rahaman1, Simone Faravelli1, Sylvia Voegeli1

  • 1Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.

Science advances
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

mRNA稳定性和翻译是相连的,但这种联系取决于编码序列的长度. 酵母mRNA稳定性从最佳编码子获得的稳定性仅出现在临界长度以上,受非翻译区域的影响.

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 子的最佳性影响mRNA翻译和稳定性,这表明一个合的调节机制.
  • 这种合器的精确调节和长度依赖性质在很大程度上仍然没有特征.

研究的目的:

  • 研究mRNA编码序列长度在翻译和降解的结合中的作用.
  • 探索未翻译区域 (UTR) 如何调节这种长度依赖的稳定性.

主要方法:

  • 利用酵母作为一个模型生物体.
  • 分析了与编码序列长度相关的mRNA稳定性和翻译效率.
  • 研究了UTRs对mRNA稳定性和翻译的影响.

主要成果:

  • 在酵母中确定了一个关键的编码序列长度值.
  • 在这个值以上,密码子的最佳性显著提高了mRNA稳定性和多元体协会.
  • 在值以下,尽管转化效率高,但子最佳性对mRNA稳定性的影响最小.
  • 发现特定的UTRs可以破坏mRNA的稳定,而不会影响翻译,从而影响细胞周期基因振荡.

结论:

  • mRNA稳定性和翻译合性对编码序列长度具有类似开关的依赖性.
  • UTRs在微调mRNA稳定性和基因表达动态方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
  • 这些发现提供了对短翻译和神经元mRNA调节的见解.