在视网膜中局部调节甲状腺激素信号,影响糖尿病视网膜病变的发展
Francesca Forini1, Giuseppina Nicolini1, Rosario Amato2
1Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease
|September 27, 2023
概括
在糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 中,甲状腺激素 (TH) 减少可能最初会保护视网膜细胞,但后来会增加脆弱性. 这项研究揭示了DR中DIO3驱动的低T3状态,影响线粒体功能和应激反应.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 甲状腺激素 (TH) 静态衰减与危急疾病的不良结果有关.
- 在糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 中TH的作用仍然未被探索.
- 视力障碍是糖尿病的一个严重并发症,导致视力丧失.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究糖尿病小鼠视网膜中的甲状腺激素系统.
- 在高葡萄糖条件下阐明视网膜细胞中TH的调节机制.
- 了解TH双相稳定对DR病变的影响.
主要方法:
- 在db/db小鼠视网膜中TH系统的表征.
- 在高葡萄糖和模拟低T3条件下分析MIO-M1细胞.
- 测量基因表达,微RNA水平和线粒体标记物.
主要成果:
- Db/db小鼠视网膜表现出降低的TH水平,局部低T3状态 (LT3S) 和DR特征.
- 观察到滴定酶3 (DIO3) 的上调和DIO2和TH受体的下调.
- 高葡萄糖诱导DIO3通过特定途径的上调,而miR-133-3p显示反调节.
- 模拟早期的LT3S和高血糖症降低了线粒体功能和压力标志物,而T3替代逆转了这一趋势.
结论:
- 在早期的DR中,DIO3驱动的LT3S可以提供对视网膜应激的保护.
- 在慢性DR中,这种LT3S无法减轻高葡萄糖损伤,并增加细胞脆弱性.
- 持续的线粒体功能障碍有助于在先进的DR中增加细胞脆弱性.
相关概念视频
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
4.7K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.7K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones
2.8K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.8K
Major Hormones and Their Functions
473
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
473


