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在检测和预测中使用自然语言处理属于医疗保健环境:系统审查
Vincent Quoc-Nam Trinh1, Steven Zhang1, Joshua Kovoor1,2
1University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
自然语言处理 (NLP) 有效地检测和预测患者在医疗机构的跌倒. 需要进一步的实施研究来评估这些自动摔倒预测模型对患者结果的影响.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床数据分析 临床数据分析
背景情况:
- 医疗保健机构的倒导致患者的严重发病率,死亡率和经济负担.
- 目前的防摔策略依赖于传统方法,如风险评估和事件报告.
- 自动检测和预测跌倒对于提高患者安全和医疗保健效率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查应用自然语言处理 (NLP) 用于医疗保健中的自动摔倒检测和预测的研究.
- 分析在已识别的研究中使用的NLP方法和模型.
- 发现当前研究中的差距,特别是关于NLP模型对患者和系统结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 从2012年到2023年4月,在多个数据库 (Ovid Medline,Embase,Emcare,PubMed,CINAHL,IEEE Xplore,Ei Compendex) 中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括的研究重点是追溯推导,验证和实施NLP用于医疗保健环境中的跌倒检测/预测.
- 对26项选定的研究进行了定性分析,检查了NLP管道和各种建模方法 (基于规则的,ML,DL,混合).
主要成果:
- 在识别跌倒风险因素,检测过去的跌倒,预测未来的跌倒和分层跌倒严重程度方面,NLP技术取得了合理的成功.
- 多种NLP方法,包括机器学习和深度学习,都得到了不同程度的成功.
- 审查发现了越来越多的关于跌倒预测的文献,但缺乏评估真实世界对患者和系统结果的影响的研究.
结论:
- 在医疗保健中,NLP在提高自动摔倒检测和预测方面显示出相当大的前景.
- 缺乏评估这些NLP模型对患者和系统结果的真实影响的研究,需要进一步的实施研究.
- 开发高性能NLP模型可以在临床环境中显著提升自动摔倒预防和管理.
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