在人类婴儿期表达和感知积极情绪的变化
Tobias Grossmann1, Adrienne Wood1
1Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience
|September 27, 2023
概括
氧化系统中的遗传变异会影响婴儿如何表达积极的情绪. 这会影响他们的大脑.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 神经遗传学 神经遗传学
- 社会神经科学 社会神经科学
背景情况:
- 积极的情绪对社会发展和行为至关重要.
- 催产素系统在社会结合和情绪调节方面发挥着作用.
- 情绪表达的个体差异在婴儿期早期就会出现.
研究的目的:
- 研究氧化素系统中的遗传变异与婴儿积极情绪表达之间的联系.
- 探索积极情绪表现中的个人差异的神经生物学基础.
主要方法:
- 检查了CD38 (rs3796863) 的遗传变异,与催产素释放有关.
- 在7个月大的婴儿中使用家长报告措施评估了积极的情感表现 (微笑,笑声).
- 测量婴儿大脑响应在右下额叶皮层使用EEG观看微笑时.
主要成果:
- 具有特定CD38基因变异的婴儿表现出更高的积极情绪表达率.
- 增加的积极影响与在看到微笑时右下额叶皮质中增强的大脑活动相关.
- 这些发现表明,对积极的社会线索的感知-行动合有遗传影响.
结论:
- 催产素系统中的遗传变异影响婴儿的积极影响表达.
- 早期的遗传因素与个体在感知积极社会线索方面的差异有关.
- 这项研究揭示了婴儿期积极情绪变化的神经生物学基础.
相关概念视频
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
74
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
74
01:24Facial Feedback Hypothesis
179
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
179
01:26Emotional Expression
267
Emotional expression encompasses how individuals convey their emotions through verbal communication and non-verbal cues. These non-verbal actions include facial expressions, body language, and physical gestures, such as frowning or smiling. Among these, facial expressions play a crucial role in emotional expression and are understood universally, indicating a biological basis for how humans communicate emotions.
Universal Facial Expressions
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified seven basic...
Universal Facial Expressions
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified seven basic...
267
01:22Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing
94
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and...
Neuroticism and...
94
01:13Nonconscious Mimicry
4.6K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.6K
01:25Factors Affecting Perception
1.6K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.6K