东南亚的古老环境和人类进化动态
Anne-Marie Bacon1, Nicolas Bourgon2,3, Elise Dufour4
1Université Paris Cité, CNRS, BABEL UMR 8045, 75012, Paris, France. anne-marie.bacon@u-paris.fr.
Scientific reports
|September 27, 2023
概括
东南亚的丹尼索瓦人,与他们的北方同行不同,适应了开放的森林和大草原环境. 这一发现突显了丹尼索瓦人在不同的古气候中不同的适应和饮食策略.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 古生态学 古生态学
- 稳定同位素分析方法
背景情况:
- 安全的环境环境对于理解人类进化和物种间比较至关重要.
- 丹尼索瓦化石已在不同的度发现,包括亚热带亚洲和古北极,需要环境背景.
- 之前对丹尼索瓦人的研究主要集中在北度,使得人们对它们在热带地区的适应不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 在老的Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) 洞穴重建丹尼索瓦人的古老环境和饮食.
- 为了比较东南亚的丹尼索瓦人的环境适应和饮食策略与欧亚大陆的.
- 调查丹尼索瓦人对当地气候变化的潜在反应,特别是热带雨林的扩张.
主要方法:
- 来自Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) 洞穴的动物遗骸的稳定同位素分析.
- 对动物证据和气候代理指标的分析,以重建当地环境.
- 对不同洞穴地点和时间段的原始人饮食和息地的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 科布拉洞的丹尼索瓦人主要消耗来自开放森林和草原的资源,尽管附近有树冠森林.
- 动物和气候数据表明,大约13万年前,当地热带雨林的扩张.
- 早期的智人 (Homo sapiens) 似乎是唯一能够利用热带雨林资源的人类物种.
结论:
- 东南亚的丹尼索瓦人与北度的丹尼索瓦人相比,表现出不同的饮食和息地偏好.
- 这些发现引发了关于丹尼索瓦人适应快速环境变化的能力的问题,例如热带雨林的扩张.
- 这项研究强调了东南亚的丹尼索瓦人和智人之间的生态利基区分.
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