保护区在四足动物树上缓慢地不均地下降
A Justin Nowakowski1,2,3, James I Watling4, Alexander Murray5,6
1Working Land and Seascapes, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA. Nowakowskia@si.edu.
Nature
|September 27, 2023
概括
保护区显著减缓陆地脊椎动物种群的减少,与未受保护地区相比,每年的损失减少了五倍. 它们的有效性受到土地覆盖,气候变化和国家治理的影响,这凸显了战略性保护努力的必要性.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学
- 生态学
- 生物多样性科学
背景情况:
- 保护区对于保护陆地生物多样性至关重要.
- 生物多样性公约将生物多样性扩展作为优先事项.
- 应对生物多样性丧失的有效性,特别是关于气候变化和土地覆盖面的有效性,需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估PA在全球减轻陆地脊椎动物种群的有效性.
- 确定土地覆盖面和气候变化如何影响环境保护的有效性.
- 评估国家治理在增强公共权益方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 全球2,239个陆地脊椎动物种群的种群丰度变化分析.
- 保护区内的人口趋势与相似的未受保护地区的比较.
- 统计模型评估土地覆盖,气候变化和治理对PA有效性的影响.
主要成果:
- 脊椎动物种群的下降速度是PA内部的五倍 (每年减少0.4%),而不是外部的 (每年减少1.8%).
- 两动物和鸟类从PA中获得了最大的好处.
- 两动物的土地转化和爬行动物的气候变暖减少了PA的好处,
结论:
- 它们有效减缓四足动物的数量下降,从而提供了重要的保护效益.
- 优化保护区需要保护脆弱物种并应对保护区以外的威胁.
- 战略性保护,强有力的治理和景观管理是最大限度地促进生物多样性保护的关键.
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