多代多位置基因组预测模型的优化,用于高原大米种群中反复发生的基因组选择
Hugues de Verdal1,2, Cédric Baertschi3,4, Julien Frouin3,4
1CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, 34398, Montpellier, France. hugues.de_verdal@cirad.fr.
概括
通过整合多代和多位置数据,可以改善米育种中的基因组选择. 这种方法增强了对谷物度等特征的预测能力,可能加速繁殖周期.
科学领域:
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 定量遗传学 是一个量子遗传学.
背景情况:
- 基因组选择 (GS) 对于在循环选择育种方案中增强遗传收益至关重要.
- 航天飞机繁殖计划可以从整合多代和多位置数据中获益,以改善基因组预测模型.
- 该Cirad-CIAT高地大米育种计划旨在优化反复的基因组选择,以增加遗传收益和减少表型.
研究的目的:
- 评估多代和多位置数据对高地大米育种计划中的基因组预测模型的影响.
- 将不同的基因组预测场景和模型进行比较,以优化育种方案.
- 评估增加选择强度和加速繁殖周期的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用了一种合成大米种群 (PCT27) 经过多代 (S0:2到S0:4) 的进步.
- 在两个不同的位置的表型后代:圣罗莎 (目标) 和帕尔米拉 (代孕).
- 使用五种场景和24种模型进行基因组预测,并根据生成和位置定义校准和验证集.
主要成果:
- 使用目标地点 (圣罗莎) 的数据进行训练的模型产生了从0.19 (谷物度) 到0.30 (谷物产量) 的预测能力.
- 将训练集扩展到多代数据 (PCT27A) 提高了大多数特征的预测能力,尤其是谷物度的61%.
- 多位点表型化提高了预测准确性,特别是在考虑基因型与环境 (GxE) 相互作用时,特定模型显示了花期,谷物度,植物高度和谷物产量更高的准确性.
结论:
- 虽然最佳的基因组预测场景因特征而异,但整合多位置和多代数据在预测能力方面的收益较低.
- 然而,这种方法有可能增加选择强度,加快育种周期,并为米育种计划提供经济利益.
- 对GxE相互作用的进一步研究可以对特定特征和环境的预测模型进行细化.
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