听力障碍和神经成像在线粒体疾病中的结果
Gabriella Cadoni1,2, Guido Primiano1,3, Pasqualina M Picciotti1,2
1Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Journal of personalized medicine
|September 28, 2023
概括
与mtDNA缺陷相关的线粒体疾病 (MDs) 影响听力和大脑结构. 这些遗传条件显示出不同的听觉和神经成像结果,没有固定的基因型-表型相关性.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 神经学 神经学
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
背景情况:
- 线粒体疾病 (Mitochondrial diseases,简称MDs) 是一组多样化的遗传疾病,源于线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 缺陷.
- 这些疾病主要影响依赖高氧化代谢的器官,包括内耳,大脑,眼睛,骨肌肉和心脏.
- 了解成人患者的临床表现对于诊断和管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 鉴定基因定义线粒体疾病的成年患者的听力功能和神经成像发现的特征.
- 探索特定基因突变 (例如,m.3243A>G,mtDNA删除,核基因缺陷) 和临床表型之间的关系.
- 分析这个患者队列中听力损失和大脑异常的流行率和模式.
主要方法:
- 招募了34名被诊断患有MELAS,MIDD,PEO或脑病变/多神经病变的成年患者.
- 进行了全面的听力学评估:精神声学测试 (纯音和语音听力学) 和电生理学测试 (听力脑干反应,ABRs),以及Impedenzometry.
- 进行神经成像评估,主要是MRI,以评估全球异常和大脑结构变化.
主要成果:
- 感觉神经听力损失是普遍存在的 (73.5%),具有不同程度 (轻度至深度) 和音频图案 (泛音,高频).
- 在84%的受影响患者中发现了耳损伤部位,其中16%的患者表现出后脏参与.
- 在86.6%的受试者中观察到显著的神经成像异常,包括白质变化,皮层/皮下缩以及基底核或小脑参与.
结论:
- 线粒体DNA和核基因的遗传改变与影响听觉功能和大脑结构的各种临床表现有关.
- 该研究强调缺乏固定的基因型-表型关系,强调线粒体疾病的复杂性.
- 这些发现强调了综合声学和神经成像评估对于全面的患者评估的重要性.
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