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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model
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泰奥多里科·博尔戈诺尼 (Teodorico Borgognoni) 的"十三世纪麻醉制剂的公式"

Valeria Cavalloro1,2, Francesca Soddu3, Sandro Baroni4

  • 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
概括

中世纪的外科文本揭示了 Teodorico Borgognonioni 的发现.

关键词:
泰奥多里科·博尔戈诺尼尼 (Teodorico Borgognonioni) 是一个著名的作家.麻醉是一种麻醉.民族植物学 民族植物学

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Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
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