生物催化在水中或在非传统媒介中? 为辩论增加了CO2的生产量
Pablo Domínguez de María1, Selin Kara2,3, Fabrice Gallou4
1Sustainable Momentum SL, Av. Ansite 3, 4-6, 35011 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2023
概括
本研究将生物催化在水中的二氧化碳足迹与非传统介质进行比较. 可持续的废水处理是最大限度地减少环境影响的关键,当溶剂被回收时,可以实现可比的二氧化碳生产.
科学领域:
- 生物催化和绿色化学
- 化学过程对环境的影响评估
背景情况:
- 生物催化提供可持续的合成途径,但面临着水性介质中基质溶解度和非传统介质中依赖有机溶剂的挑战.
- 评估环境足迹,特别是二氧化碳生产,对于优化生物催化工艺至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化和比较二氧化碳生产 (kg CO2·kg 产品-1) 的一般生物转化在水和非传统的介质.
- 评估上游 (生物催化步骤) 和下游 (产品回收) 过程对整体环境影响的影响.
- 确定废水处理策略在确定生物催化剂可持续性方面的关键作用.
主要方法:
- 生命周期评估方法侧重于二氧化碳排放.
- 在水和非传统介质中对生物催化物的比较分析.
- 在二氧化碳足迹计算中包括上游 (生物催化反应) 和下游 (提取,净化) 阶段.
- 评估不同的废水处理场景.
主要成果:
- 与非传统媒体相比,水性介质在上游生物催化步骤中表现出更高的可持续性.
- 下游加工,特别是提取溶剂的使用和回收,对整体二氧化碳足迹产生重大影响.
- 在两种介质类型的最佳条件下,与溶剂回收 (1-2 周期) 进行了可比的二氧化碳生产 (15-25 千克 CO2·千克产品-1).
- 污水处理被确定为一个关键因素;传统的处理限制了二氧化碳的产生,而专门的危险化学品的处理增加了它.
结论:
- 溶剂的选择 (水性与非传统) 对生物催化剂的二氧化碳足迹有微妙的影响.
- 在下游加工中有效的溶剂回收对于在水性和非传统介质之间实现可比的环境性能至关重要.
- 实施可持续的废水处理对于最大限度地减少工业生物转化产生的整体二氧化碳生产和环境负担至关重要.
相关概念视频
00:46Bioremediation
18.8K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
18.8K
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
46
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
46
01:28Carbon-dioxide Fixation
30
Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
30
01:21Green Algae
40
Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
40
01:20Fates of Pyruvate
8.6K
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
8.6K
01:25Lipid Catabolism
39
Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
39