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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

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饮食在调解嗅觉功能障碍和认知衰退的关联中的潜在作用:全国代表性研究
Varun Vohra1, Sahar Assi2,3, Vidyulata Kamath4
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Nutrients
|September 28, 2023
概括
饮食不良,特别是健康脂肪摄入量低,与老年人嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 和认知能力下降有关. 营养干预措施可能有助于减轻认知能力下降,特别是对于那些有嗅觉丧失的人来说.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 越来越多地与认知能力下降有关.
- 饮食模式可能在这种关联中发挥作用.
- 了解这种联系对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食摄入量在嗅觉功能障碍和认知衰退之间的关联中所起的作用.
- 分析与老年人嗅觉和认知功能相关的饮食模式.
- 探索饮食在OD-认知衰退关系中的潜在调解.
主要方法:
- 使用2013-2014年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 数据进行的横截面研究.
- 通过探索性因子分析对60岁以上美国成年人的饮食模式进行分析.
- 使用NHANES口袋嗅觉测试评估嗅觉功能障碍 (OD),并通过测试电池评估认知功能.
- 应用调查加权多变量回归和因果调解分析.
主要成果:
- 缺乏富含单不和脂肪 (MUFAs) 和多不和脂肪 (PUFAs) 的饮食,独立地与认知和嗅觉功能障碍有关.
- 嗅觉功能障碍和认知能力下降之间的关系部分是由坚持富含MUFA和PUFA的饮食调节的.
- 在分析中调整了社会人口统计学和健康因素.
结论:
- 饮食,嗅觉功能和认知能力下降之间存在潜在的联系.
- 营养干预可能是减轻认知能力下降的策略,特别是在嗅觉障碍患者中.
- 饮食模式,特别是脂肪摄入,是维持老年人认知和嗅觉健康的重要因素.
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