在SARS-CoV-2感染后的免疫反应与残留后COVID症状
Tanyaporn Pongkunakorn1, Thamonwan Manosan1, Apinya Surawit1
1Siriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Vaccines
|September 28, 2023
概括
长期COVID患者在感染后显示病毒中和T细胞功能减少. 提升疫苗可能需要更早,以改善症状长期COVID个体的T细胞反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 后急性COVID综合征,或长期COVID,在SARS-CoV-2感染后影响了许多人.
- 了解长期COVID的免疫反应对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较长期COVID患者和在Omicron大流行期间COVID-19后完全康复的患者之间的免疫反应.
- 评估与疾病恢复和疫苗接种状态有关的中和抗体水平和T细胞亚群变化.
主要方法:
- 从2022年1月到5月,注册了292名确诊COVID-19感染的患者.
- 测量了抗SARS-CoV-2受体结合域IgG,替代病毒中和试验,T细胞子集和对武汉,BA.1和BA.5变种的中和抗体 (NeuT).
- 在COVID-19发病后的不同时间点分析了免疫标记物.
主要成果:
- 在康复和长期COVID组中,对Omicron亚型 (BA.1,BA.5) 的中和抗体减少,在三次或更多剂量疫苗接种后观察到更高水平.
- 病毒中和能力在两组中都在COVID-19发病后84天后显著下降.
- 长期COVID患者在感染后的最初几个月中表现出PD1表达的CD4+T细胞 (中心和效应记忆) 和CD8+T细胞 (中心记忆) 的减少.
结论:
- 免疫反应,包括病毒中和和T细胞功能,在长期COVID患者中受损.
- 感染后的早期可能需要进行补充疫苗接种,以恢复患有症状长期COVID的个体的T细胞功能.
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