抗病毒因子SERINC5损害了非自我DNA的表达
Yuhang Shi1, Sydney Simpson2, Shahad K Ahmed1
1Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
Viruses
|September 28, 2023
概括
限制因子SERINC5通过破坏病毒基因表达来阻碍人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 复制. 这影响了病毒的产生,揭示了除了阻止病毒进入之外的新宿主防御机制.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- SERINC5是一种已知的限制因子,被纳入逆转录病毒颗粒中,抑制病毒感染性.
- 像HIV,SIV,MLV和EIAV这样的逆转录病毒拥有反制措施 (Nef,GlycoGag,S2) 来抵消SERINC5的影响.
- 此外,SERINC5还限制了乙型肝炎病毒和古典猪瘟病毒,这表明它具有广泛的抗病毒能力.
研究的目的:
- 调查SERINC5对人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 复制的影响,超出其已知的进入抑制.
- 确定SERINC5如何影响HIV基因表达,病毒转录,蛋白质和后代病毒的产生.
主要方法:
- 研究了SERINC5对HIV基因表达,病毒转录,蛋白质和病毒产生的影响.
- 在HIV复制的背景下分析了SERINC5对等离子体DNA,非集成的前病毒DNA和集成的前病毒DNA的影响.
主要成果:
- SERINC5显著损害了HIV基因表达,导致病毒产生缺陷.
- 由SERINC5所施加的限制发生在转录层面.
- SERINC5影响等离子体和非集成的前病毒性DNA,但不会影响集成的前病毒性DNA或宿主基因表达.
结论:
- 在对抗HIV的宿主防御中,SERINC5的作用超出了阻止病毒进入的范围,影响了早期的基因表达.
- SERINC5对非集成的HIV DNA施加了转录水平的限制,影响了病毒复制.
- 了解SERINC5的多方面的抗病毒机制,可以了解新的治疗点.
相关概念视频
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
34.6K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
34.6K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.8K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.8K
Epigenetic Regulation
3.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.1K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
4.1K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
Somatic...
4.1K
Cis-regulatory Sequences
9.9K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.9K
Position-effect Variegation
6.4K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.4K


