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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

367
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
367
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

308
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
308
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

903
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
903
Language01:16

Language

244
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
244
Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

186
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
186
Encoding01:19

Encoding

194
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning
05:33

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

6.1K

语言意义在思想中的意义.

Alexis Wellwood1, Tim Hunter2

  • 1School of Philosophy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA wellwood@usc.edu, https://semantics.land.

The Behavioral and brain sciences
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
概括

这项研究探讨了非语言学证据如何支持思维语言假设,表明认知使用类似于语言的心理表征. 它强调了新的证据,同时指出了这些认知表征的被忽视的语言视角.

科学领域:

  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 思想的哲学 思想的哲学
  • 语言学的语言学.

背景情况:

  • 思想语言 (LoT) 假设认为认知运行使用类似于语言的心理表征.
  • 最近的研究已经积累了支持LoT的非经典证据,通常来自非语言认知能力.

研究的目的:

  • 用非语言认知领域的证据来捍卫思想语言假设.
  • 为了整合多样化,非经典的证据,为LOT表示.
  • 识别当前的LOT研究中的差距,特别是关于语言贡献的差距.

主要方法:

  • 分析来自非语言认知能力 (如感知,记忆,推理) 的证据.
  • 对LOT的非经典证据进行现有文献的审查和综合.
  • 识别相关的语言理论和与 LoT 假设相关的发现.

主要成果:

  • 非语言证据为思想语言假设提供了坚实的基础.
  • 有大量的非经典证据支持LOT类型表示的存在.
  • 现有关于 LoT 证据的讨论往往忽视了语言研究中的关键见解.

结论:

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  • 认知可能利用语言思维类型的表征,得到广泛证据的支持.
  • 未来的研究应该更紧密地整合非语言认知和语言学的发现,以完善LoT理论.
  • 对 LoT 的全面理解需要承认和纳入来自不同科学领域的观点.