在印度重新检查母亲吸烟行为和五岁以下儿童的ARI之间的联系:一项全面的研究
Margubur Rahaman1, Avijit Roy2, Md Abdul Latif3
1Department of Migration & Urban Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
母亲吸烟显著增加了印度五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染 (ARI) 的风险. 哺乳提供了保护,而家庭吸烟和通风不良加剧了风险.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 急性呼吸道感染 (ARI) 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的五岁以下儿童的健康负担很大.
- 室内吸烟暴露是印度ARI的已知风险因素.
- 这项研究调查了母亲吸烟对印度幼儿ARI的具体影响.
研究的目的:
- 重新检查母亲吸烟和印度五岁以下儿童的ARIs之间的联系.
- 分析其他室内空气污染物和共变量对这种关系的影响.
- 通过先进的分析方法来确认现有发现并探索潜在的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了国家家庭健康调查 (NFHS-5) 的2019-2021年期间数据.
- 采用描述性统计,双变量分析和多变量逻辑回归模型.
- 包含相互作用分析,以评估风险因素的综合影响.
主要成果:
- 吸烟母亲的五岁以下儿童的ARI调整后的概率高出1.24倍 (95% CI:1.04-1.48).
- 对母亲吸烟,其他家庭吸烟者和没有适当通风的不洁净燃料的联合暴露显著增加了ARI风险 (AOR:2.01;95%CI:1.98-2.67).
- 母乳养表明对室内吸烟的暴露有保护作用;从未母乳养的婴儿和出生异常大小的婴儿更容易受到伤害.
结论:
- 母亲吸烟与印度5岁以下儿童的ARIs增加密切相关.
- 公共卫生干预措施应侧重于减少母亲吸烟和促进母乳养.
- 改善家庭空气质量,特别是在使用不洁净燃料的家庭,对于呼吸系统健康至关重要.
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