阿杜利斯和古典古代的转运
Franziska Grathwol1, Christian Roos2, Dietmar Zinner3,4,5
1Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
eLife
|September 28, 2023
概括
古代埃及的木乃伊很可能起源于阿杜利斯,这是现在厄立特里亚的红海贸易中心. 线粒体基因组分析将晚期木乃伊与现代厄立特里亚和埃塞俄比亚人口联系起来,支持古代贸易路线.
科学领域:
- 古代历史 古代历史 古代历史
- 古遗传学是古遗传学的一部分.
- 动物学 动物学
背景情况:
- 阿杜利斯是红海贸易中心 (公元1-7世纪),古典地理学家指出,阿杜利斯供应动物,包括 (Papio spp. ),到希腊罗马时期的埃及.
- 断断续续的历史记载表明,阿杜利斯是托勒密时代地下墓的起源,并提出了关于古老 (晚期) 从埃及的Gabbanat el-Qurud的地理位置的问题.
- 之前的稳定同位素分析表明,两个新王国Papio hamadryas标本的非洲之角起源.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定埃及晚期Gabbanat el-Qurud的一只木乃伊的地理位置.
- 调查埃及和红海地区之间的贸易的古老和地理范围.
- 建立古代和现代种群之间的遗传联系.
主要方法:
- 从一个木乃伊和14个博物馆标本中测序了完整的线粒体基因组.
- 遗传学分析包括已公布的地基引用线粒体序列数据.
- 古代的遗传数据与现代帕皮奥·哈马德里亚斯种群的比较.
主要成果:
- 来自Gabbanat el-Qurud的木乃伊被遗传学上分配给厄立特里亚,埃塞俄比亚和苏丹东部的现代Papio hamadryas种群.
- 这一发现支持希腊罗马对阿杜利斯的描述,认为阿杜利斯是埃及晚期的来源.
- 地理连续性与来自庞特土地的建立,这表明庞特和阿杜利斯作为贸易中心的潜在重叠.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了历史记录,确定了今天的厄立特里亚,并扩展了阿杜利斯,作为古埃及的来源.
- 这些发现将埃及-阿杜利特人贸易的已知古代延长了多达五个世纪.
- 这项研究提供了基因证据,支持这一假设,即特和阿杜利斯的土地是具有历史意义的,可能重叠的贸易中心.
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