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相关概念视频

Measurement of Air Content in Concrete01:23

Measurement of Air Content in Concrete

172
Air content measurement in concrete is critical for ensuring structural integrity and durability of concrete structures, especially in environments prone to severe weather conditions. Accurate air content analysis optimizes concrete's resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and enhances its workability and strength. Several methods are standardized under ASTM guidelines to measure the air content in fresh concrete, each suitable for different concrete types and conditions.
The pressure method,...
172

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相关实验视频

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Composition and Distribution Analysis of Bioaerosols Under Different Environmental Conditions
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评估IMPROVE PM2.5元素测量的结果

Nicholas J Spada1, Sinan Yatkin1, Jason Giacomo1

  • 1Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

保护视觉环境机构间监测 (IMPROVE) 网络中的新X射线光 (XRF) 仪器显示大多数元素的良好协议. 和等轻元素受到方法变化的影响,旧仪器高估,新仪器略低估.

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科学领域:

  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 分析化学 分析化学
  • 大气科学 大气科学

背景情况:

  • 自1988年以来,受保护视觉环境的机构间监测 (IMPROVE) 网络一直在分析空气中的颗粒物 (PM) 的元素组成.
  • X射线光 (XRF) 是用于PM样本化学分类的关键技术.
  • 2011年,向新的XRF仪器进行过渡,需要进行性能评估.

研究的目的:

  • 评估新的XRF仪器与IMPROVE网络内的旧仪器的性能.
  • 为了识别和量化由于仪器变化的基本测量的差异.
  • 通知数据用户关于对纵向空气质量分析的潜在影响.

主要方法:

  • 来自三个IMPROVE站点的存档PM样本使用新的XRF仪器进行了重新分析.
  • 对各种元素来说,新旧XRF仪器的测量结果进行了比较.
  • 测量XRF硫的数据与合离子染色学硫酸盐数据进行了比较.
  • 基本比率与土壤衍生的PM的预期值进行了比较.

主要成果:

  • 对大多数超出检测极限的元素 (例如,S,Cl,K,Ti,V,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,Se,Pb) 观察到良好的一致性 (斜率在10%以内).
  • 由于海盐干扰和旧的校正方法,在沿海地点发现了轻元素 (Na,Mg) 的显著差异.
  • 新的仪器显示硫的精度有所提高,但略有低估;它们更好地分辨Al和Si峰值.
  • 特定地点的粒子组成显示出不同的测量干扰.

结论:

  • 在IMPROVE网络内XRF仪器的变化对纵向数据分析有影响.
  • 轻元素 (Na,Mg) 和硫测量特别受到方法变化的影响.
  • 用户在解释与海盐和地来源相关的数据时应考虑这些发现,特别是在历史趋势分析中.