强溶剂和双盐可使离子电池在-78°C至60°C的温度下运行
Yumeng Zhao1, Zhenglin Hu1, Zhengfei Zhao1
1Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 28, 2023
概括
使用二甲基硫酸盐 (DMS) 溶剂和双盐 (LiFSI和DFOB-) 的新型电解质可以在极端温度和高速度下提高离子电池的性能. 这种设计克服了先进电池应用的降解问题.
科学领域:
- 电化学
- 材料科学
- 能量储存
背景情况:
- 在高充/放电率和低温度下,离子电池面临性能限制.
- 目前的碳酸盐电解质具有限制的Li+导电性和缓慢的Li+溶解,在苛刻的条件下阻碍了电池的效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新型的电解质系统,以提高离子电池在广泛的温度范围和高电流密度的性能.
- 通过对离子-溶剂和离子-离子相互作用的分子水平调节来解决传统电解质的热力学限制.
主要方法:
- 在二甲基硫酸盐 (DMS) 溶剂中使用二硫胺 (LiFSI) 和二氧化 (DFOB-) 制备双盐电解质.
- 电解质特性包括Li+导电,解溶和电极/电解质接口行为.
- 在各种温度条件下 (-78至60°C) 和高电流密度下 (高达41.3 mA cm-2) 测试石墨水泡LiCoO2囊电池的性能.
主要成果:
- LiFSI/DFOB-/DMS电解质在广泛的温度范围内显示出快速的Li+导电和平稳的Li+溶解.
- 形成了超薄的,自我限制的电极/电解质接口和电双层,改善了电极的兼容性.
- 在高电流 (41.3 mA cm-2) 和-78°C至60°C的温度下实现稳定循环.
- 一个1Ah袋式电池在-20°C (2°C速率) 保持了80%的容量,在-50°C (0.1°C速率) 保持了86%.
结论:
- 强溶剂和双盐的策略有效地克服了电解质的热力学限制.
- 这种电解质设计使得高性能离子电池能够在极端温度和高速率条件下运行.
- 这些发现为开发下一代储能解决方案的先进电解质提供了新的途径.
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