在成年人一生中,情绪识别中的结构性大脑变化
Valerie Karl1,2,3, Tim Rohe1
1Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience
|September 28, 2023
概括
衰老与情绪识别 (ER) 的下降有关. 这项研究发现,特定大脑区域的与年龄相关的灰质 (GM) 体积变化并不能显著解释面部ER的这种下降.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 情绪识别 (ER) 能力通常随着年龄的增长而下降.
- 底层的神经生物学机制,特别是像灰色物质 (GM) 缩这样的结构性大脑变化,尚未得到充分理解.
- 研究与年龄相关的大脑变化和ER衰退之间的联系对于理解认知衰老至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定与年龄相关的ER下降是否与与情绪相关的大脑区域的GM体积减少有关.
- 探索潜在的添加剂或超添加剂的转基因体积与年龄相关的变化,可以解释老年人ER缺陷.
- 检查面部ER表现和大脑结构在一个大,老化的队列之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用基于voxel的形态测量 (VBM) 分析.
- 利用了来自人类结合体项目-衰老 (N=238,年龄36-87) 的数据.
- 评估了面部情绪识别,并分析了它与GM体积的相关性.
主要成果:
- 该研究没有发现与年龄相关的ER下降和特定大脑区域的GM体积变化之间存在显著的相关性,在多次比较后进行了校正.
- 探索性分析 (P < 0.001,未经校正) 表明,转基因体积和一般ER之间的潜在关系具有广泛的皮质分布.
- 效应大小小,表明局部转基因体积变化只占老年人ER下降的很小一部分.
结论:
- 特定大脑区域的与年龄相关的灰质体积减少似乎不是老年人情绪识别能力下降的主要驱动因素.
- 虽然可能存在广泛的皮层关联,但它们对ER衰退的贡献是最小的.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定其他神经生物学或认知因素,有助于与年龄相关的ER缺陷.
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